About This Coffee
Nguguini Factory is situated in Kirinyaga County, Central Kenya near the town of Karatina. The factory (as washing stations in Kenya are called) is part of the Kibirigwi Farmers Cooperative Society (FCS) network. Nguguini was built in 1958, making it one of the region’s earliest central processing facilities. Today, the factory serves over 1,200 farmers.
Kibirigwi FCS was registered in 1958, also making it one of the region’s oldest and most established. In addition to Nguguini, Kibirigwi operates 7 other factories: Ragati, Mukangu, Kiangai, Kibingoti, Thunguri, Kianjege and Chema. All of these are located in Kirinyaga County on the slopes of Mount Kenya. The society has over 7,200 members, making it the second-largest cooperative in Kirinyaga County.
Cultivation
Smallholder farmers cultivate SL28, SL34, Ruiru 11 and Batian at altitudes ranging from 1,600 to 1,700 meters above sea level. The region’s deep, well-drained volcanic soils and temperate climate create ideal conditions for slow cherry development and dense bean structure. Farmers typically interplant coffee with subsistence crops and manage their plots using traditional, low-input practices.
Harvest & Post-Harvest
Cherries are selectively hand picked and then delivered by farmer members to the factory. They are then sorted to remove any underripe, overripe or damaged fruit before being pulped and then fermented for 16 to 24 hours on average, depending on the weather at the time. After fermentation, the parchment is washed through grading channels and then soaked in clean, circulating water for 16 to 18 hours. This measure helps to manage drying bed availability at the peak of the harvest season while also having additional benefits for quality and longevity for the coffee itself. After soaking, coffee is delivered to dry on raised beds where it will be raked regularly and covered during the hottest part of the day and evening to prevent damage to the parchment. Drying times at Nguguini are usually 7 to 14 days, depending on weather.
AA Grade
Kenyan coffees are classified by size. AA beans are the largest size. AA grade coffees are those that are 17/18 screen size, meaning that they are larger than 7.2 millimeters.
About SL28 & SL34
SL28 and SL34 were two of the cultivars released by Scott Agricultural Laboratories (SAL) during the height of SAL’s research in Kenya in the 1930s and 1940s. They soon became the cultivars of choice for most growers thanks to their deep root structure that allows them to maximize scarce water resources and flourish even without irrigation. SL varieties also had higher yields than the French Bourbon rootstock that they replaced and were known to be somewhat more disease resistant.
About Ruiru 11
Ruiru 11, a hybrid of Catimor and SL cultivars, is both Coffee Berry Disease (CBD) and Coffee Leaf Rust (CLR) resistant. Plus, it can be planted at a much higher density than the SL varieties, making optimal use of small plots of land.
Ruiru 11 has slowly ‘taken root’ across most of Kenya’s coffee growing landscape. The only issues were that with a shallower root structure, many farmers found the plant less hardy in drought conditions, and the trees required a more intense feeding program. Over time, farmers have found that by grafting Ruiru-11 to SL varieties they could take advantage of SL trees’ expansive root system and still reap the increased yields and higher immunity to disease of Ruiru-11.
Due to the grafted Ruiru-11’s growing popularity, most farms in Kenya today, both big and small, have a mixture of Ruiru-11 and SL varieties. As SL trees age, many farmers are opting to turn more towards Ruiru-11 (or the grafting solution) thanks to its ease of use and higher resistance to diseases.
Source: https://varieties.worldcoffeeresearch.org/varieties/ruiru-11 & https://sucafina.com/na/news/think-you-know-kenya-coffee-varieties-think-again
About Batian
Developed by Kenya's Coffee Research Institute in 2010, Batian is named after the highest peak on Mt. Kenya and is resistant to both coffee berry disease (CBD) and coffee leaf rust (CLR). The variety has the added benefit of early maturity – cropping after only two years. Some challenges (such as vegetative structure) have prevented it from becoming widespread so far, but its popularity is certainly growing.
Coffee in Kenya
Though coffee growing had a relatively late start in Kenya, the industry has gained and maintained a impressive reputation. Since the start of production, Kenyan coffee has been recognized for its high-quality, meticulous preparation and exquisite flavors. Our in-country sister company, Sucafina Kenya, works with farmers across the country to ensure these exceptional coffees gain the accolades they deserve.
Today, more than 600,000 smallholders farming fewer than 5 acres compose 99% of the coffee farming population of Kenya. Their farms cover more than 75% of total coffee growing land and produce nearly 70% of the country’s coffee. These farmers are organized into hundreds of Farmer Cooperative Societies (FCS), all of which operate at least one factory. The remainder of annual production is grown and processed by small, medium and large land estates. Most of the larger estates have their own washing stations.
Most Kenyan coffees are fully washed and dried on raised beds. The country still upholds its reputation for high quality and attention to detail at its many washing stations. The best factories employ stringent sorting practices at cherry intake, and many of them have had the same management staff in place for years.